The Haunting a chilling film Essay Example For Students

The Haunting a chilling film Essay What technique does Robert Wise use, particularly in the opening sequence to make The Haunting (1963) a chilling film? What other features strike you as important to the films success?  There have been two major versions of The Haunting: one in 1963 (the original) and another in 1999.  The first version was an amazing hit and claimed almost cult status, while the second was a flop on its opening day. It had nowhere near the same impact on the public as the original did thirty-six years before. The 1999 production of the film had all the modern benefits of a big budget, famous Hollywood actors and actresses and special effects created using computers. We will write a custom essay on The Haunting a chilling film specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Even at the time of the release of the original film other very well known and popular horror films such as Psycho used some quite advanced special effects and some even used colour film (which The Haunting is not filmed in). The Haunting used obscure actors and actresses and the entire film cost very little to make and yet still seemed to do better than the multi-million dollar production some years later.  The film had help in its success as horror films came into main stream cinema at that time and so this could have helped the film, as it was something new on the horror scene. It had a new twist to horror and even a love theme all the way through added to the excitement and anticipation of the film. The whole story was new to the public this film was popular later on. The film was proof that the horror does not need to be obvious or even visible to be scary. The film used this technique so well that it has had a few films imitate this unseen horror in their horror productions, such as The Blair Witch Project which was a very big hit at the cinemas recently. It is also proof that special effects and big actors dont make the film good or particularly special. This is clear from the remake, which failed, and used much more obvious horror and special effects, perhaps to try to get a wider audience and update the film. I feel this need not be done as the film will last in peoples minds as a classic film and has not been remade convincingly or improved on. The special effects in this film are very primitive; there were no big explosions and definitely no computer effects used to try to create a monster. In fact not a single monster or ghost was seen in the film which makes it far more chilling to watch and also to think about after watching it because of the mystery haunt the house pushes on its guests. Robert Shaw used camera angles and special lighting to achieve the eerie parts of his film. One very special shot used is of an object falling close up and from above falling into shot. In the very first scene the original tenants are on their way to the house and there is a small riff of chilling music (which is also very important). The cart the lady of the house is in is turned over and crashes into a tree and then a close up on the cart sees her fall from above the frame and this technique is used other times too. When another lady of the house hangs herself you see her climb the library stair and then a shot focusing on the floor is intruded on by her body falling and then hanging from above. At the end of the film one of the main characters is driving away from the house and dies in an almost exact reconstruction of the crash and hits the same tree, and is followed by a close up and falling hand as before. This was very deliberate as Shaw was trying to show that with the haunted house nothing changes and probably never will. .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .postImageUrl , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:hover , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:visited , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:active { border:0!important; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:active , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A comparison of the animated films EssayThe camera angles have a very voyeuristic look to them as if each person in the house is being watched from above or from a doorway and as the lighting is so dark they could be watching from anywhere. The main examples of this are as if the occupants are being watched from a window in the house and from a balcony inside. Close up shots play an important part to the film as they give a scale to the house during the film and as mentioned above, are a good way to scare an audience. The lighting is very important. The house is very dimly lit and the dark almost seems to envelop the visitors to the house. It always seems to be nighttime in the house, making a very timeless environment. The house from the outside has a gloomy sky and dark windows that just adds to the menacing look to the building.  The very beginning of the film gives you a clue to what is to come, mostly through the music. It uses deep bass and high pitch violins to represent the horror of the house and the music is muddled and sounds almost chaotic with its jumpy and sudden jolts of high screams from violins backed by low fearful tones from bass sounding instruments. In between these bars of fearful music are tender tones, which are reminiscent of an old love song giving an insight to a possible love affair in the house, which strongly emerges through the horror surrounding the house. The main effects in the film are the hauntings, which are mostly down to  good acting as the reactions of the actors to a loud boom and slow turning door handles really are the chill behind the noise, their reactions are so fearful to watch they make the watcher feel scared. The actors use feelings of fear to scare and its the scream of the women and not the scratching at the door which causes the shock, as the haunt is not always visible, it is usually a feeling of pure fear to the occupants. The physical haunts are also very horrific, as the noise from them can be very disturbing. A childs crying is chilling in the dark and being alone in a room where the door handles are being turned slowly is worse when you cant see or even know whats behind it. Shaw uses the mystery to scare, although it is more subtle than some ways of scaring people, it works just as well if not better. The scenery plays an important part in the film, using very dominant statues and ancient ornaments adds an overwhelming feeling of being watched (along with the camera work).  The film has a very unique structure and uses love relations and hate relations between the characters to help the story line.  The way Shaw uses the thoughts of one of the characters is a very important and good way of getting across the point of view of this one character. She is very important in the film and she feels the house has singled her out as she has physic powers and is deeply scared by the death of her mother. She is sent into madness by the house, giving the viewer an insight into how the house affects the people in it. This was an original twist to the film and gave it an edge. The characters chosen were an asset to the film, the atmosphere between them gave hints to their pasts and their feelings, as the group spend more time together the atmosphere becomes almost sexually charged as the script begins to suggest a love triangle with attractions between the group.  These things all add to the film to make it original and excellent film, its new and groundbreaking filming and writing make this film a once in a lifetime film which can never be reproduced in such a way as has been proved by its recent remake.

Marketing Social †Spanish Essay

Marketing Social – Spanish Essay Free Online Research Papers Marketing Social Spanish Essay As empresas hoje tà ªm investido claramente em novas estratà ©gias para permanecerem ativas no mercado e com um com um grande nà ºmero de clientes fieis ao seu produto ou servià §o, e o Marketing Social tem sido uma grande arma usada nesta batalha. Este segmento do marketing consiste na apresentaà §o por parte das empresas ao seu pà ºblico consumidor, de suas melhores aà §Ãƒ µes e os seus compromissos assumidos pela melhoria da sociedade, passando a ganhar com esta nova filosofia empresarial. Utilizando-se do Marketing Social, as empresas passam a ganhar em imagem juntos aos seus clientes e por conseqà ¼Ãƒ ªncia disto, tornam-se mais empticas para a divulgaà §o de seus produtos e servià §os, j que estes hoje preferem prestigiar empresas que se preocupem ativamente na soluà §o de diversos problemas que atingem a sociedade de nosso paà ­s. A conscià ªncia dos problemas sociais que tanto afetam nossa sociedade, o compromisso e empenho daqueles que tentam diminuà ­-los, so valores mais respeitados pelos consumidores do que confianà §a, qualidade, garantia, e servià §os, os quais, na atualidade, so vistos como obrigatà ³rios. Por fim, as importà ¢ncias dadas pelos empresrios fazem parte da estratà ©gia de negà ³cio da empresa, para que possam redundar em benefà ­cios finais para ela prà ³pria, portanto, os seus investimentos devem ser direcionados para segmentos sociais que tudo tenham a ver com a filosofia da empresa. Research Papers on Marketing Social - Spanish EssayDefinition of Export QuotasMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHip-Hop is ArtAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesResearch Process Part One

DOMINION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DOMINION - Essay Example Biblical texts have shown emphasis and influence on the comprehension of human beings and how we think of ourselves in reference to God our creator and the environment around us. The verse evaluates human dignity as well as privileges given to him by the Creator, human sexuality, women and men relationship, and man’s role in relation to the creation. It is here where the bible illustrate the dominion of man in reference to the world (Genesis 1: 28). This dominion is phrased such that human beings have the role to exploit the environment but to do it responsibly meaning; to use the available resources to help him but not misusing them (Culture and Bible 1995). The role also extends to naming the animals, monitoring their activities, and developing the nature of the world; this is because it defines the hierarchy of authority and power. In short, human beings play the role of the head of the house as far as the whole creation is concerned (Anderson, Bernhard 1975). Man has responsibility to govern and supervise the overall creation. This is because they have added features such as they are capable of differentiating between the wrong and right which gives man a basis of decision making. The added feature resulted from God’s images and likeness unlike the rest, and this brings about the aspect of

Business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 13

Business law - Essay Example In case of a valid contract between two parties, both the parties must be a promisor as well as a promisee. This means that both must gain as well as lose something as a result of the transaction made under the terms of the contract. The consideration is what is exchanged between the contracting parties during the transaction. In the case of a contract for providing some services, consideration for the service provider is the receipt of payment whereas for the client, the consideration is the service rendered by the service provider. Hence, while consideration may be different for the contracting parties, it must flow from both sides by parties acting in the capacity of promisee. Consideration for one party may be in the form of cash while it may be in the form of intangible services or a tangible good for another. Nonetheless, the existence of consideration in one form or the other is essential for a valid contract. It is important for consideration to meet certain requirements before it may be considered as valid consideration. Consideration must not be a past action unless it was done in response to a specific request (Whincup 74). English law does not recognize past consideration as valid (Tonapi 2). In other words, a promise to provide some consideration must be made before it is provided or executed. In the present scenario involving Kris and the claim for damages, the provision of complimentary chocolates is not valid consideration because it was not agreed upon between the parties at the time the agreement for providing chocolate for the wedding cake was made. The complimentary chocolate was provided later as a goodwill gesture and was not an expected part of the contract. Secondly, the consideration must move from the promisee. The consideration should move from both sides but the parties must execute it in the capacity of promisee instead of promisor. Mutuality of agreement is an important element of valid

Is abortion right or wrong Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Is abortion right or wrong - Coursework Example These statistics are a clear indicator of how abortion has affected a great deal of the world’s population either directly or indirectly. Due to the grey nature of life-related issues statements are left for individual interpretations and this paper will look into whether abortion is right or wrong. Scientists have come to the fore with mixed sentiments on the issue of abortion. Some point out that a human being exists right from conception. These further stress that the terms zygote, embryo and foetus among others, that are at the centre of debate as to which is a human form and which is not, are merely stages of development in a new baby. They stress that a baby also has various names like infant and toddler depending on their age after birth. These scientific arguments connote that a baby is formed right from the time it is conceived and the human argument needs no debate (Baumgardner 2008). In the same scientific front there are those that refrain from the above descriptio ns. Some extremist opponents of these views state that life begins are birth. The others state that an unborn child is a living person but they differ on which stage of development a human being is formed. It is important to note that within the general population there are divisions in opinion with people falling under the above three categories in relation to when a baby starts being human. In this regards it is important to look into the various specific arguments for and against abortion. Arguments for abortion Pro-choice activists state that many abortions are done during the first trimester. At this stage of pregnancy the foetus is not able to survive outside the womb by itself. As such the argument set forth is that the foetus is just but a part of the woman’s body and not a separate entity and abortion is just but elimination this part. Human life formation should be differentiated from personhood. Those who support this view state that human life begins at conception but argue that the vitro fertilisation eggs which do not get implanted are often discarded. They further ask the question as to whether this is murderous or not and therefore fail to understand why when a woman does the same it is termed as murderous. Adoption on the other hand cannot be an alternative to abortion as some argue. They support this by stating that only less than 3 percent of women opt to offer their babies for adoption after birth. As such they state that aborting is a decision best left for a woman to make as going for adoption is a rare route after birth. Abortion, contrary to the popular belief, is medically safe and only 0.5 percent of the cases report serious complications (Naden 2007). Furthermore, pro-choice activists claim that it is not true that after an abortion a woman reduces their chances of a healthy pregnancy in future. They also argue that women who have undergone traumatising ordeals like rape should not be forced to maintain the pregnancy stating t hat they undergo grave psychological stress in these circumstances. Others argue that women become pregnant even after using contraception methods. Statistics indicate that of all the women who undergo abortions, just 8 percent do not use contraceptives. A section of civil rights activists also challenge the arguments against abortion stating that it is a woman’

The Alliance Between Renault Nissan Marketing Essay

The Alliance Between Renault Nissan Marketing Essay In the age of globalisation companies are trying to cope with consequences of this historical process. Scholars in this field have noticed that companies could either merge or conclude an alliance to cope with globalisation. The scholars, however, differ among themselves as to which is better, alliance or merger. By being global a firm would have a better chance to enter a new market, and increase both its global market share and global competitive advantage (Shenkar,2008,p.303,332). The two processes differ in terms of their meanings and the reasons for choosing one of them rather than the other. International mergers are when two firms from different countries, and have their own capabilities, agree to integrate in order to create a stronger core competency in the global market (Shenakr2008:303). However, strategic alliances are contracts between two parties from different countries, when they agree to cooperate in order to do a particular task(Charles, international Business, p.411).This shared task cant be realised and create a value unless the two parties work together(Andrew, Strategic alliances, P.404).(I can delete this phrase) In the case of Renault-Nissan, it is preferable to have an alliance than merger for many reasons. Charles Hill (int. business:412) claims that Alliances, would facilitate more than mergers the entrance for companies to new geographical phases where there are some restrictions on foreign investments. (Comprehensive cases,p. 312)the two companies had their own capabilities in their own market. Renault for instance, already existed in Europe and North America, and was well-known for its design and marketing. At the same time Nissan was the powerhouse engineering in Japan, Europe and North America. Therefore, there was a good chance for Renault to Enter the Japanese market where there are many barriers from the Japanese government. Synergy however, is vital for alliance. According to Shenkar( 2008: 333) alliance would be more rational when the two firms look for further synergy in their financial, technological aims. He adds, this alliance would provide the two parties with complementary resources and capabilities(HSenkar, 2008). This synergy between two companies was the key element for choosing Nissan-Renault alliance. According to Chosn, the manager of the alliance: we said from the beginning that we were not looking for a merger, but rather to get greater value from synergy between the two companies (Emerson, the interview). According to Chosn, the reason for choosing alliance rather then merger was that both companies were looking for turnaround. Although alliance was more risky than merger, yet they chose it because they thought it would give them more opportunities to develop.(Emerson, the interview). However, despite the advantages Nissan-Renault gained from the alliance, they faced challenges. One of the challenges is whether the alliance would lead to an increase or decrease in the price share (Ernst Halvey, When, p. 48).This was a real challenge for Nissan, whose share price fell when it entered the alliance.(Comprehensive cases). Furthermore, the two companies had a challenge of cross-culture problems. However, with their ability to focus on the work objective they were able to succeed. 508 Renault before and after alliance The alliance between Renault Nissan, as indicated by the results in March 2004, was an outstanding paradigm of a successful alliance around the world. However, before 1999, the prospective of forming an alliance between these two firms was not such rosy. From Renaults point of view, various factors were strengthening the former opinion. Firstly, (Morosini P. Dec 2004) Renault was recovering during 1996 and 1998-9 turning losses of US$680 million into combined profits of US$1.65 billion. Moreover, the failure to merge with Volvo in 1995 had left its mark on the company and any further attempts to a new alliance were confronted distrustfully. In addition, the fact that both firms were playing a dominant role in the auto industry of their countries was indicating that a potential alliance was going to collapse in a decision-making stalemate. Nevertheless, the supporters of the latter argument were gainsaid. The mutual benefits that they were going to absorb from the alliance laid aside the potential problems and both parties focused on the success of the alliance. This was a crucial challenge, which they managed to handle by learning to trust each other, be truthful and honest during the negotiations. Additionally, (Bartlett C., Ghoshal S., Beamish P., 2008) by forming joint study teams, in order to test their companies ability to work cooperatively, they minimized the cultural stereotypes and set the base for exploiting joint synergies. The two companies were so complementary in terms of geography, product ranges and personality that inevitably the future was foreboding promising. Besides, this process gave Renault an advantage over competitive suitors such as Ford and DaimlerChrysler, which focused only on finding synergies on past and current advantages rather than on a prospective productive future. On this basis, Renault, through the alliance with Nissan, achieved to gain international structure which enabled it to deal successfully with the changes which were taking place on the world automobile stage. Thereby, Global synergies and the expansion of its production to foreign , until then, markets like Japan, North America and Asia enhanced its potential and made it a countable member in the auto industry. 357 Nissan before and after alliance Nissans history starts from the early of 1933. Nissan is a Japanese automobile manufacturer which achieves, through the years to have strong market presence in Asia and US. Except for the fact that Nissan was a highly emblematic symbol of Japans industrial strength, had also a number of strong points such as technological and engineering competence, and also was good at making large cars. In late March 1999 Nissan and Renault sign an agreement for a Global Alliance. Aim for this agreement was to provide an advantage and achieve profitable growth in both companies. However, Nissan was nearly bankrupt and faced significant debt problem when the alliance formed. One of the major reasons for this debt and financial difficulty was the fact that Nissan invested a lot of money in different companies and this has a result, Nissan not be in position to invest money in the company and its products (Ghosn, 2002). Therefore the company for a long time did not have any profit and this made the debt for Nissan in 1999 to reach the US $22 billion. Furthermore, during the same year (1999), the domestic market share had fallen from 17.4% to 13%. Have in mind this and after that Daimler Chrysler and Ford refused the idea of a partnership and broken of the alliance talk with Nissan, the company resorted to the strategic alliance with Renault, where both companies had clear idea of what they wanted. The alliance was vital for the two companies as Nissan needed Renaults cash in order to reduce its debt problem and Renault wanted to learn from Nissans success in US and Asia which was essential for the expansion in its market. During the period of social initiation process, of six months, many advantages arose over competitors as they carried out static analytical evaluations and they focused on finding collaborations based on their past and current strengths rather than on jointly future. In order to accomplish this, Nissan had change significantly to redeem its profitability and competiveness. First Nissan quit the investments in other companies, in other words the keiretsu which is a Japanese traditional rule that requires all the companies in Japan to have long-term purchasing relationship, intense collaboration and frequent exchange of personnel and technology between companies and selected suppliers (Okamura, 2005). The personal management also had changed and whereas Nissan in the past appraised their employees based on the period that they were working for the company, now they changed the criteria of evaluation by looking on the performance of each employee. Further they set up a common language i.e. English and they have created nine Cross-functional teams. By the implementation of the above changes, Nissan manage to cut down in purchasing cost, to reduce suppliers, to close overlapping outlets and plants and finally to reduce the work force. Through the alliance of Nissan and Renault, the benefits that arose were obvious and determinant. Transparent benchmarking allows two culturally diverse companies to share best practises and also the common platform and shared purchasing strategy had delivered huge cost of savings. Noticeable is the fact that in order to preserver corporate identities they decide to remain as separate managements, separate brands and separate companies while every decision was affecting both brands. The operation recommendation which arise from this alliance case provide valuable elements on how two companies, that are in the same situation like Renault and Nissan which show strength in different competence and regions of the world (Nissan had strong presence in Asia and US while Renault had presence in Europe), can approach the growing and competitive auto manufacturing global market. Therefore the success of this alliance is also interrelated with the synergy among the two companies and the framework of equality help the transfer of knowledge between foreign engineering teams. Finally Nissan successfully achieve to jump from seventh most valuable automobile company in the world to the fourth. 656 Structure of Alliances The aim of this section is to study structure of the alliances between Renault Nissan and advice about the best possible structure in futures alliances. Strategic alliances are said to be a source of competitive advantage. However there is a growing concern over their failure rates. One of the major causes is the inability to implement the appropriate governance structure and management control systems in the newly formed association (Smith, 2008). According to the study most of the companies form an alliance management team which manage across the organisation using Cross-Company Teams, Cross functional teams, Steering Committees and Alliance Board. By observation, Renaults was interested in creating respect between two alliance partners and respectively followed an Andean civilization approach to work together for six months before forming an alliance. (Donnelly, Morris Donnelly, 2005). The social initiation process provided Renault Nissan an advantage over its competitors such as Daimler Chrysler. The later company did not experiment social collaboration to develop the ability of sharing knowledge and building trust (Deresky, 2008). Therefore the structure in Renault Nissan was the result of, what the companies experienced during the social initiation stage. They formed a new board having 5 members each from the host companies. Further to speed the integration and improve communication process they created Nine Cross-functional teams (CFT) and 11 Cross-company teams (CCT) (Donnelly, Morris Donnelly, 2005: 434). More importantly, these teams had a Chair person from Renault, Vice Chair person from Nissan or vice-versa. Moreo ver the CFT was limited to 10 members from different departments such as purchasing, manufacturing which ensured progress between these departments (Donnelly, Morris Donnelly, 2005). As a result the alliance was able to launch 22 new car models in the next three years and increase the manufacturing capacity in Japan. Moreover the CCT created efficient synergies. One of the examples of amalgamation process was in Mexico. Renault had left the market in 1986 and Nissan was facing overcapacity in1999. So alliance decided to put the managers from both the companies together and recognise synergy opportunity. In just five months Renault cars were being manufactured out of Nissan plants and the capacity utilisation of the plant increased from 56% to nearly 100%. In summary cross-company teams allowed Renault- Nissan to first go through a social initiation experience and then move into a formal framework of collaboration and knowledge exchange (Deresky, 2008: 318). Similarly cross functional teams enhanced the process of integration. Cooperative Operation In this part of report, we will discuss how close collaboration between two companies in operational level has resulted in synergy. The main sources of data in this part are Renault and Nissan official websites. Supply chain management is one of the areas of key concern for global car manufacturers (John Gattorna). Major players in Car Industry are looking for revolutionary methods of management of their suppliers. In Renault-Nissan case, RNPO or Renault Nissan Purchasing Organization is a unique joint organization responsible for integrating purchasing Strategy. As we will describe in next paragraph, as a result of mutual engineering efforts, Renault and Nissan cars can share components. This fact allows the alliance to combine their purchasing orders. Therefore, not only the cost of order has reduced but RNPO defines worldwide purchasing strategy and now it is accountable for full purchase of Nissan and Renault. (www.renault.com) Another area for mutual cooperation between two companies is engineering which could be a lesson for other car manufacturers to reach economic of scale and scope. The key difference in Renault-Nissan case is concentrating on designing and producing components of car jointly instead of developing whole car from scratch. The alliance achieves economic of scale by producing in larger scales and economic of scope by manufacturing components which are compatible for different models of both brands. Moreover, one of top priorities of MNC is to find a way to reduce RD cost as well invest in new technologies with lower cost. For instance, according to Renault website, the alliance helps two companies to invest in advance technology like hybrid vehicles. In conclusion firms should successfully integrate their complimentary competencies to standardize their purchase orders and components manufacturing. Therefore they can reduce their cost and achieve greater outcomes. The role of Corporate and National Culture Corporate culture is the combined beliefs, values, ethics, procedures, and atmosphere of an organization ().One of the important issues raised in the Nissan Renault alliance is the management of two different cultures. While Renault strategy was liked western strategic orientation and Nissan was under the influence of corporate and national culture (Culpan.R,2002). Accordingly, the collective share of ideas and strategic management were effective and the employees of both companies could understand each other culture background, subsequently respect the identities of their colleagues as well as their values. Thus, Ghosn put cross- culture training programs for over 1500 employees from Renault to learn about the Japanese culture and 400 Nissan employees study the French culture (pooley, 2005).it was a first positive step in terms of creating a successful alliance of two different cultures. After presenting the French and Japanese culture, it was significant to understand their differ ences and how certain Hofstedes cultural theories (clenc, 2000) applicable to the case of Nissan and Renault. Japanese societies are well-known to be more collectivist and in opposite, French societies are based on individualistic efforts from employees. As the decision making process in Nissan was working the percept of groupthink, mostly the people who thought alike. Moreover, Nissan had a problem in terms of excess capacity that was based on an unofficial contract that existed between Japanese auto companies and their employees. Ghosn closed five factories and cutting some 21,000 jobs to broke this custom. He also took on the close network of relationships between auto companies and their suppliers, relationships denoted by a specific Japanese word, keiretsu (). An also after this situation as he employed new engineers in to the Nissan organisation, he decided to put English as formal language for company to deal with diversity of language spoken. In addition, in the Japanese cul ture, is not possible for a young employee to be manager for a colleague who is older in terms of age and seniority. However, the ECOs new system of promotion to begin restructuring the management process in company, was based on performance and efficiency, not employees age. As a result, the Renault-Nissan alliance has been hugely successful. There is broad acknowledgement by many at senior levels inside both companies that much credit for this must be given to their conscious effort to build cross-cultural understanding from the start. 396 Recommendations The success of alliance between Renault and Nissan proves that alliances can be a successful approach to expand globally. Therefore, we believe as a group that there are recommendations which could be taken into consideration, by any other car companies thinking to form a successful alliance to enter new markets. When two firms come to a decision of entering an alliance they should be aware of variations in cultures, languages and mentalities. This can be realised by understanding these differences and focussing more on the shared goals and objectives. In terms of operations, Renault Nissan can be used by other car companies in different ways. In supply chain management a similar organisation like RNPO can be established by other alliances to unify their purchasing orders and therefore reducing the cost of orders. In engineering we suggest for future alliances to focus on producing car components jointly instead of designing new cars entirely which failed in similar cases. By implementing the above strategies, the costs of RD can be reduced and higher output can be achieved by using shared resources. It is obvious from the case effective cross-culture management was one of the important key successes for the company. Thus, when two different companies spouse to work with each other in especial strategic alliance, creating a situation for managers and employees to learn about each other culture could be significant. Another step for developing corporate culture in this kind of alliances is making one formal language for employees to deal with diversity of spoken language. Moreover, determining shared values, knowledge and individual needs is important to create opportunities for future alliances. This can be achieved by following a social program similar to social initiation process of Renault-Nissan. Zaara Culpan. R, (2002) Global business alliances: theory and practice, Greenwood Publishing Group: United State America Pooley. J, (2005) The model alliance of Renault and Nissan: How to work successfully with overseas partners, Emerald Group Publishing Limited: Emerald Group Publishing Limited http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkpdfcontentId=1463638 Reference: Anu Kale, P., Dyer, J. Singh, H. (2001) Value Creation and Success in Strategic Alliances: Alliancing Skills and the Role of Alliance Structure and Systems. European Management Journal [Online], 19(5): 463 471. Smith, K. (2008) The relations between transactional characteristics, trust and risk in the start-up phase of a collaborative alliance. Management Accounting Research [Online], 19: 344 364. Deresky, H. (2007) International Management: Managing Across Borders and Cultures (6th Edition). New Jersey.Prentice Hall. pp. 312 319 Reference sophia Okamura, A. (2005). Beyond the Keiretsu. Article retrieved on November 2nd, 2006, from http://www.utofieldguide.com/articles/article_print1.cfm Ghosn, C. (2002). Saving the Business Without Losing the Company. Harvard Business Review. References marios: Bartlett C., Ghoshal S., Bearmish P., (2008), Transnational Management: Text, cases, and readings in Cross-Border Management, Fifth edition, New York, McGraw-Hill International Edition. Douin G., (5th April, 2002), Behind the scenes of the Renault-Nissan alliance, l Ecole de Paris, p.1-10. Morosini P., (Dec, 2004), Nurturing Successful Alliances Across Boundaries: Lessons from the Renault Nissan Case.

Poems from the Kokinshu: A Literary Analysis Essay

Poems from the Kokinshu is an anthology of poems from the Japanese medieval times (Lawall. ed, 2002). The anthology is divided into different poems depicting human emotions as they vary season after season, or as people move into an entirely new environment. The principal theme of the poems revolve around the concept of love—the progression of feelings, the â€Å"entire course of the love affair, early yearnings, passionate meetings, sadness and regret† (Rodd and Henkenius, 1996). As each season, starting from spring, progresses, the emotions entailed in each poem also changes and develops. One of the principal stylistic features in the anthology is simile, wherein the author compares his feelings to his observation of what is happening in his environment. An example of simile is expressed in Poem II, 73: â€Å"like the world hollow as a cicada’s cast-off shell– oh cherry blossoms– you too will fade away just as we catch sight of your beauty† In this particular poem, the author compares his object of affection to a decaying shell of the cicada as the day turns into night. Simile occurs in several poems just like the said example. Another striking stylistic feature presented in the poem is antithesis, wherein the author expresses his emotions in contrast to his environment. In several poems wherein the prevailing emotion is grief, the author contrasts his feelings to the beauty of his environment. Here is an example from Poems 7 and 8 from the Spring Poems of the Kokinshu: â€Å"so longingly have I awaited the fresh flowers of spring, that they have dyed my soul and I see snow as clustered blooms on branches though I bask in the comforting warmth of spring’s light how melancholy to think that my hair now wears a crown of winter snow† Aside from the aforementioned poems being examples of antithesis, parts of them also suggest allegory. The phrases â€Å"they have dyed my soul† and â€Å"to think that my hair now wears a crown of winter snow† mean that the character in the poem is old and has white hair. The antithesis comes as he describes the warmth of spring in contrast to the cold winter which his body and soul are experiencing, i. e. , his old age. Given that the anthology was written and compiled in the Japanese medieval times, the concepts or theme presented in The Kokinshu are parallel to other literary works done in different parts of the world, such as the Medieval Lyrics of the English Literature. Though a significant number of these lyrics talk about Christianity and religion, most works are also written in the concept of love with a pretext of nature. An example of a Medieval Lyric similar to the theme of a Kokinshu poem is Westron Wind (Western Wind): â€Å"Westron wind, when will thou blow? The small rain down can rain. Christ, if my love were in my arms, And I in my bed again. † As said earlier, the prevailing concept tackled in the anthology is love and its accompanying emotions that were given color and described in comparison/contrast to nature and its seasons. The concept of love, though internationally recognized throughout the centuries and millennium, is somewhat a secondary concept in the 21st century. In this day and age, with all the prevailing issues such as technology, globalization and others, the concept of love is deemed unimportant to be tackled, although, it is indeed, as cliche dictates, the universal language. As Mario Vargas Llosa said, literature is â€Å"one of the common denominators of human experience through which human beings may recognize themselves and converse with each other, no matter how different their professions, their life plans, their geographical and cultural locations, their personal circumstances. † Although the concept of love is not deemed as important as business or political concepts nowadays, it still is a ruling emotion that affects each person. Any person who has loved or wanted to love, or even despised love, can relate to the verses of the Kokinshu, including myself. References Lawall, S. N. (Ed. ) (2002). The Norton Anthology of World Literature. New York: WW Norton & Co, Inc. Rodd, L. R. , & Henkenius, M. C. (Eds. ) (1996). Kokinshu: A Collection of Poems Ancient

Positive Impact of Guidance Counselors Essay

A school counselor, usually called a guidance counselor, is one who helps guide students through different aspects of their life whether it be academic, career, college, or social aspects from grades K-12. At some levels a guidance counselor may help students with bullying or a bad home life, and at other levels they help students stay on track and guide them down the right academic path for the student’s success and graduation. No matter what direction the guidance counselor is going, their mind set is always one that will have a positive impact on their school climate and culture. Guidance counselors have the ability to work collaboratively with other educators to make program changes necessary to help prevent students from dropping out of school. With the help of the counselor, students can be directed down correct paths that will prevent student drop outs, thus positively affecting the school climate and culture. An effective guidance counselor will also spend time with troubled students helping them work through their issues, thus creating a better classroom environment for the teachers. When troubled students are receiving the help they need outside the classroom, teachers can maintain an orderly environment free of disruptions, and therefore higher learning can take place. This is yet another example of the positive impact that the counselor has on school climate and culture. The school culture is positively affected by counselors yet again due to the fact that guidance counselors help connect the school with the community, and the school with the parents. Counselors help connect the family as a whole to the educational process by having informative sessions with the community in regards to things like: how to file the FAFSA; explaining what test scores mean; offering help with ACT study sessions, etc. Counselors also send home informative newsletters keeping the parents and community informed about what’s going on inside the school building. In conclusion, it is evident that a school counselor has numerous positive impacts on a school’s climate and culture. They are an irreplaceable resource for the students, school, and the community. Without their presence, schools and students could not and would not be where they are today.

Unraveling the Mystery of Capitalizing French Titles

Unraveling the Mystery of Capitalizing French Titles First of all, you wouldnt put lumià ¨re (light) in all caps, as we did in the subhead above, just to make a point. There are, indeed, rules to follow, and you shouldnt capitalize French titles willy-nilly. English speakers should understand that the capitalization of titles and names in French and English exhibit several differences, all of which involve words that are capitalized in English but not in French. This means there is, by and large, less capitalization in French than there is in English.   In English, the first word of a proper title and all subsequent words, except short articles, conjunctions and prepositions, are capitalized. The rules are more complicated in French, and the table below examines three schools of thought regarding French capitalization of titles and names*.   Standard Capitalization In French, capitalization depends on the position and the grammatical function of the words in the title. The first word is always capitalized. If the first word is an article or other  determiner, the first noun and any adjectives that precede it are capitalized, like this: Trois Contes Un Cur simple Le Petit Robert Le Nouveau Petit Robert Le Bon Usage Le Progrs de la civilisation au XXe sicle If the title consists of two words or phrases of equal value, they are considered co-titles and each one is capitalized according to the above rules, as in: Guerre et Paix Julie ou La Nouvelle Hà ©loà ¯se This system  is used in Le Petit Robert, Le Quid, and throughout the Dictionnaire de citations franà §aises. Le Bon Usage, considered the bible of French grammar,  briefly discusses an inconsistency in the capitalization of titles. It does not mention the system above, but it does list the systems in 2. and 3. below. Important-Noun  Capitalization In this system, the first word and any important nouns are capitalized, like this: Trois Contes Un Cur simple Le petit Robert Le nouveau petit Robert Le bon Usage Le Progrs de la Civilisation au XXe sicle Le Bon Usage  states that system 2. is more common than 3. and uses it in its own bibliography. Sentence Capitalization In this system, only the first word of the title is capitalized (except proper nouns, which are always capitalized). Trois contes Un cur simple Le petit Robert Le nouveau petit Robert Le bon usage Le progrs de la civilisation au XXe sicle A number of websites use this system, crediting it either to the MLA Handbook  or to normes ISO  (norms of the International Organization for Standardization).  It is difficult to find any official online documentation for either of these sources. If you look at the spines of a few dozen French books, you will see capitalization is split about 50-50 between Important Noun Capitalization and Sentence Capitalization.   In the end, what will probably work best is to  decide which system works best for you, and stick with it consistently.   Proper nouns, as we mentioned above, are not affected by these capitalization systems; they always follow their own rules of capitalization. *Capitalization of Surnames French surnames (family names)  are often capitalized in their entirety, especially in bibliographies and administrative documents, like this: Gustave FLAUBERT Camara LAYE Jean de LA FONTAINE Antoine de SAINT-EXUPÉRY

Free Essays on Salvation In Unexpected Ways

Salvation in Unexpected Ways Three novels that stand out because of their main character’s contributions to others are â€Å"The Color Purple† by Alice Walker, â€Å"One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest† by Ken Kesey, and â€Å"Sula† by Toni Morrison. The main characters Celie, R.P. McMurphy, and Sula, each contribute something different to important people in their lives in the novels which they appear. Although they play very different roles, Celie, McMurphy, and Sula are viewed as heroes. R.P. McMurphy inspires the men in the mental ward to become stronger emotionally; Sula inspires the people of her town to think differently, while Celie physically protects her sister from abuse. In â€Å"One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest† by Ken Kesey, Randle Patrick McMurphy helps the men in the ward to overcome their fear of the world they live in. One morning, as the men in the ward are eating, McMurphy is laughing and talking throughout the entire breakfast. Chief Bromden says, â€Å"He’s being the clown, working at getting some of the guys to laugh† (Kesey 98). The other men on the ward are anguished and have not been in contact with someone who is trying to lift their spirits. McMurphy talks to the men as if they are not in an institution at all, but rather like they are normal people. Through McMurphy’s communication with the men, they begin to realize that there is hope for them in the outside world and they begin to recuperate emotionally. In the novel â€Å"Sula† by Toni Morrison, the main character Sula’s illicit behavior and attitudes toward men cause the women of the community to love their husbands more. Sula sleeps with the women’s husbands and has no regard for them, basically using them for sex and leaving them. Because of Sula’s promiscuity the women begin to think differently, â€Å"So the women, to justif... Free Essays on Salvation In Unexpected Ways Free Essays on Salvation In Unexpected Ways Salvation in Unexpected Ways Three novels that stand out because of their main character’s contributions to others are â€Å"The Color Purple† by Alice Walker, â€Å"One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest† by Ken Kesey, and â€Å"Sula† by Toni Morrison. The main characters Celie, R.P. McMurphy, and Sula, each contribute something different to important people in their lives in the novels which they appear. Although they play very different roles, Celie, McMurphy, and Sula are viewed as heroes. R.P. McMurphy inspires the men in the mental ward to become stronger emotionally; Sula inspires the people of her town to think differently, while Celie physically protects her sister from abuse. In â€Å"One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest† by Ken Kesey, Randle Patrick McMurphy helps the men in the ward to overcome their fear of the world they live in. One morning, as the men in the ward are eating, McMurphy is laughing and talking throughout the entire breakfast. Chief Bromden says, â€Å"He’s being the clown, working at getting some of the guys to laugh† (Kesey 98). The other men on the ward are anguished and have not been in contact with someone who is trying to lift their spirits. McMurphy talks to the men as if they are not in an institution at all, but rather like they are normal people. Through McMurphy’s communication with the men, they begin to realize that there is hope for them in the outside world and they begin to recuperate emotionally. In the novel â€Å"Sula† by Toni Morrison, the main character Sula’s illicit behavior and attitudes toward men cause the women of the community to love their husbands more. Sula sleeps with the women’s husbands and has no regard for them, basically using them for sex and leaving them. Because of Sula’s promiscuity the women begin to think differently, â€Å"So the women, to justif...

Islamic accounting and financial reporting Essay - 1

Islamic accounting and financial reporting - Essay Example 16). On the other hand, IFRS was enacted to harmonize the universal accounting procedures and processes into a harmonized system. This study will cover the implementation of the IFRS by the country of Malaysia. The paper will have a candid review of the adoption of the IFRS by Malaysia, and the conflicts that this move presents to the application of the AAOIFI standards. As a start off, the paper evaluates the financial and accounting system in Malaysia. AAOFIFI and IFRS are then evaluated with respect to their components, procedures of application and treatment of various financial transactions. The paper then compares and contrast the accounting treatment of both standards before discussing the procedures that are used by the Malaysian authorities to implement IFSR and overcome Conflicts with AAOIFI (Schoon 2009, p.50). The study finalizes by analysing the effectiveness of the IFRS implementation strategy in Malaysia. The financial system of Malaysia is made up of Islamic and conventional financial institutions which operate in parallel. The apex of financial and monetary structure in Malaysia is the Bank Negara, which is the Malaysian Central bank. The financial system comprises the banking and non-banking system. The banking system is made up of 21 Islamic banks, 25 commercial banks and 15 investment banks. To compliment banking institutions are the non-banking financial institutions. In Malaysia, there are 43 insurance and re-insurance companies, 13 Takaful Operators, four retakaful operators and six development financial institutions. The Islamic financial system in Malaysia has continued to grow and develop. Currently, the Islamic financial system comprise of Takaful, Retakaful, Islamic Capital Market and Islamic Interbank Money market. MIFC (International Islamic Financial Centre) was opened in the year 2006, with the aim of strengthening

The Truth About Charlie (2002) Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Truth About Charlie (2002) - Movie Review Example What was more disturbing to her is the discovery of the idea that her husband had several identities, which made it more difficult to find out what had happened to her husband while she was away. She found several passports that belonged to her husband but with different identities. There was also missing $6 million. The police seemed convinced that Regina was involved in her husband’s murder but she was later notified that Charlie was a secret agent and was involved in many shady operations involving some dangerous people including Lola Jansco and Emil Zadapec. These individuals followed Regina to Paris believing that she knew where Charlie hid the money. This leads to the change in Regina’s life as it changes for the worse becoming dangerous. Joshua, an American that Regina met while she was at her vacation also arrived in Paris and seemed determined to help her solve the mystery. The editing of the film was done very well and the music has been integrated well in the film. The music can be said to be intense and varying but analytical. The sound effects offered all the information required according to different scenes and determined the